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nucleus$53983$ - ترجمة إلى إيطالي
![transcription factory]] during transcription, highlighting the possibility of transcribing more than one gene at a time. The diagram includes 8 RNA polymerases however the number can vary depending on cell type. The image also includes transcription factors and a porous, protein core.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Basic diagram of a transcription factory during transcription.png?width=200 "transcription factory]] during transcription, highlighting the possibility of transcribing more than one gene at a time. The diagram includes 8 RNA polymerases however the number can vary depending on cell type. The image also includes transcription factors and a porous, protein core.")
![Oldest known depiction of cells and their nuclei by [[Antonie van Leeuwenhoek]], 1719](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Leeuwenhoek1719RedBloodCells.jpg?width=200 "Oldest known depiction of cells and their nuclei by [[Antonie van Leeuwenhoek]], 1719")
![stained]] with [[fluorescent]] [[dye]]s during [[metaphase]]. The [[mitotic spindle]] can be seen, stained green, attached to the two sets of [[chromosome]]s, stained light blue. All chromosomes but one are already at the metaphase plate.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mitosis-fluorescent.jpg?width=200 "stained]] with [[fluorescent]] [[dye]]s during [[metaphase]]. The [[mitotic spindle]] can be seen, stained green, attached to the two sets of [[chromosome]]s, stained light blue. All chromosomes but one are already at the metaphase plate.")
![alpha spectrum]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha decay energies example.svg?width=200 "alpha spectrum]].")
![Alpha radiation detected in an isopropanol [[cloud chamber]] (after injection of an artificial source radon-220).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alpha radiation in a cloud chamber.jpg?width=200 "Alpha radiation detected in an isopropanol [[cloud chamber]] (after injection of an artificial source radon-220).")
![Energy-loss ([[Bragg curve]]) in air for typical alpha particle emitted through radioactive decay.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bragg Curve for Alphas in Air-PT-en.svg?width=200 "Energy-loss ([[Bragg curve]]) in air for typical alpha particle emitted through radioactive decay.")
![A physicist observes alpha particles from the decay of a polonium source in a [[cloud chamber]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Physicist Studying Alpha Rays GPN-2000-000381.jpg?width=200 "A physicist observes alpha particles from the decay of a polonium source in a [[cloud chamber]]")
تعريف
ويكيبيديا
The nucleus ambiguus ("ambiguous nucleus" in English) is a group of large motor neurons, situated deep in the medullary reticular formation named by Jacob Clarke. The nucleus ambiguus contains the cell bodies of neurons that innervate the muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, and larynx which are associated with speech and swallowing. As well as motor neurons, the nucleus ambiguus contains preganglionic parasympathetic neurons which innervate postganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the heart.
It is a region of histologically disparate cells located just dorsal (posterior) to the inferior olivary nucleus in the lateral portion of the upper (rostral) medulla. It receives upper motor neuron innervation directly via the corticobulbar tract.
This nucleus gives rise to the branchial efferent motor fibers of the vagus nerve (CN X) terminating in the laryngeal, pharyngeal muscles, and musculus uvulae; as well as to the efferent motor fibers of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) terminating in the stylopharyngeus muscle.
